The most up-to-date Blender Documentation, the Blender wiki is a collaboratively edited documentation project:
Blender Documentation project
A series of tutorials is also available at wikibooks.org:
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Older User Guides
Blender 2.3 Guide (Vol I - User) (download)
Blender 2.3 Guide (Vol II - Reference) (download)
Online documentation, matching the published Blender 2.3 Guide.
This is an exact copy of the printed Blender 2.0 guide, also available for sale in the e-shop in a professionally designed PDF format. The 2.0 guide was donated using the Blender Open Content license and is now integrated with the community documentation project.
New reference to the rewritten Python API in Blender 2.28 and later (epydoc generated)
Blender 2.45 Python API reference (NEW!)
Blender 2.25 Python API reference (download ZIP)
A reference guide to the old Python scripting API in Blender 2.25
Developer Documentation for the Python API (old)
An introduction to scripting in Blender with the Python API
An older reference to the Python API. This may not be as up to date as the 2.25 reference.
Game Logic Python API for Blender 2.34
The Python GameLogic API reference. The Python GameLogic API is used for scripting interactivity in the realtime 3D engine.
Game Logic Python API for Tuhopuu2 (2.34)
The Python GameLogic API reference. The Python GameLogic API is used for scripting interactivity in the realtime 3D engine. This if for the Tuhopuu2 build. It includes examples of how to use vertex and fragment shaders.
Gameengine Material documentation (download)
NaN intranet developer docs (download tar.gz)
A guide to coding conventions, information on Blender's internals, release procedures and more. This was used at NaN, the previous owners of the Blender source code.
An introduction to the Blender source
A guide aimed at new developers who want to get working on the Blender source code. Written by Kent Mein.
A tutorial explaining how to create a new constraint in Blender. Written by Martin Poirier.
Proposal for improved logic editing in Blender (PDF)
University graduation project by Jonathan van Wunnik (2.2 MB)