Aqsis is a cross-platform open source 3D rendering solution adhering to the RenderMan® standard, as defined by Pixar Animation Studios for professional production rendering.
Focusing on stability and production usage, features include constructive solid geometry, depth-of-field, extensible shading engine (DSOs), instancing, level-of-detail, motion blur, NURBS, procedural plugins, programmable shading, subdivision surfaces, subpixel displacements and more.
Blender integration is handled by the MOSAIC plugin, which allows rendering to all popular RenderMan® renderers.

Yafaray is an open source ray tracer, offering Global Illumination and Photon Mapping, for high quality photorealistic rendering.
Yafaray is hosted and maintained independently at www.yafaray.org.
LuxRender is an open-source, free software rendering system for physically correct, unbiased image synthesis.
It supports both unbiased (MLT/(bidir)Path Tracing) and biased techniques (directlighting, photonmapping), physically correct light sources, advanced procedural textures, spectral light calculus, motion blur, lightgroup blending and tight integration with blender.
www.luxrender.net